Curious Incident Essay - 733 Words

Despite Christophers difficulties it is his parents actions we cannot accept Do you agree? In the text The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, Christopher Boone suffers from Aspergers syndrome, a mild form of autism (QUOTE). This means he can be sometimes a handful for his parents. It is because of his condition that his mother leaves and his relationship with his father breaks down. But its not just Christophers fault his parents are having a hard time. They them selves make some bad decisions that lead to each of them feeling frustrated and even forcing themselves to do some morally bad things (QUOTE). It is these things that Christopher parents do that we, the readers, cannot accept, despite Christophers†¦show more content†¦Of course she writes to him every week or so, but the journey between London and Swindon is relatively short, just writing to him and not travelling to see him shows that even through she does care, she still thinks that she isnt needed and Ed is managing just fine with Christopher. (QUOTE) Ed Boone is Christophers father, and is much less short tempered than his wife Judy Boone and is the parent who causes the most damage in the Boone family. For instance, when Judy leaves Ed and Christopher, to cover it up Ed tells Christopher that Judy died of a heart attack (QUOTE). This, when Christopher found out, had the biggest impact on him (QUOTE). Another action that Christophers dad made was to murder Wellington and thus break Christopher trust combined with lying to him about his mother. This caused Christopher to run away from his father because he couldnt trust him and go in search of his newly-discovered mother. It is these actions that we cannot accept, Ed lying to Christopher about his dead mother and Ed hiding all the letters Judy sent to Christopher. These actions are both morally wrong and just not right, as Christopher has a right to know if his mother is alive or not. Also hiding the letters, it would have been much easier for Ed to have just told Christop her his mum is alive and shown him the letters etc. Because then Christopher would of continued trusting him and there wouldnt of been the big break down near the end. InShow MoreRelatedThe Curious Incident Of The Dog807 Words   |  4 PagesNinth Grade High School Summer Reading Assignment The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon 1.) How do we form and shape our identities? We form and shape our identities by experiences, hurt, love, guilt and various other emotions as well as things we see others going through, all of these things whether they be good or bad help form and shape our identities. 2.) How do we define who we are? We define who we are by our hobbies, our interests, by our likes and dislikesRead MoreA Curious Incident Of The Dog1456 Words   |  6 PagesMark Haddon’s A Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, a mystery/bildungsroman novel, and Sophie Laguna’s The Eye of the Sheep, a family drama/bildungsroman novel, explore the way certain factors can affect an individual’s growth within a familial environment through similar themes exhibited in both novels. Haddon and Laguna show their main characters Christopher and Jimmy growing up within a dysfunctional family in 20th century Swindon and Melbourne, where each main character in their respectiveRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1297 Words   |  6 Pagesclues are provided by the author and Christopher Boone, narrator of the novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time, states, â€Å"If it is a good puzzle you can sometimes work out the answer before the end of the book† (5). In relation to this, the most valuable information is typically gained throughout the process of the investigation rather than the solution itself. Although the book The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time is not classified as a detective story, the plot stillRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1118 Words   |  5 PagesThe Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time The novel The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time by Mark Haddon is about a boy named Christopher John Francis Boone. He struggles with a high functioning form of autism known as asperger s. Christopher excels in the subjects of math, geography, and in both reading and solving murder mysteries. The book begins with Christopher finding his neighbor s dog: Wellington, dead on their front lawn, with a garden fork in his stomach. ChristopherRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1540 Words   |  7 PagesThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time, originally a novel written by Mark Maddon was created into a Tony Award winning play by Simon Stephens in 2015, and is a must see. This play revolves around a fifteen-year-old boy with Asperger’s syndrome, Christopher Boone, and begins with him trying to discover who killed the neighbors dog-Wellington. As the play progresses we soon find out that this is the least of his worries. This story is one of the first written from the perspective of a personRead MoreCurious Incident of the Dog965 Words   |  4 PagesIn the book the curious incident of the dog at night-time written by Mark Haddon, an important idea is the difficulty of diversity in society. Haddon communicated the idea through the book using the language features narrative point of view, Dialogue, and symbolism. Narrative point of view was used to show us Christopher’s perspective on how he views the world and society, and to get inside Christopher’s head to explain the fact he reacts a certain way, or believes in a certain philosophy like howRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1021 Words   |  5 PagesThe Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time, written by Mark Haddon, is an insightful novel narrated by the protagonist of the story, Christopher Boone, a fifteen year old boy who is on the autism spectrum. Christopher’s condition effects his perception of events in a way that makes his viewpoint somewhat idiosyncratic, as reflected in his narration. Despite the vast differences in the perception of events in the story between the protagonist and the reader, the intellectual value of the storyRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog2017 Words   |  9 Pagesa unique and special relationship with their family and friends; what makes it our own is how we express our affection to one another, what experiences we share together, and how we feel when we’re around them. In both Mark Haddon’s novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, and Wes Anderson’s film The Grand Budapest Hotel, character relationships are expressed through great extremities they go through for each other’s sake as well as loyalty to one another despite questionable circumstancesRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of The Dog1781 Words   |  8 PagesIntro: The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time by Mark Haddon sheds light on the concept of banning and censoring books. Ce nsorship is the large-scale effort to stop a book from being printed, while banning a book is the act of removing a book from a library shelf or curriculum. Issues such as censorship and banning have caused controversy because individuals are worried that censorship and the banning of books is a violation of the First Amendment of the Constitution, or our right to freedomRead MoreThe Curious Incident Of Christopher Boone880 Words   |  4 PagesChristopher Boone articulates The Curious Incident, however, this novel isn’t told by an average fifteen-year-old boy; Christopher has Asperger’s syndrome—this isn’t stated in the novel, but we can acquire this knowledge simply by reading Christopher’s words. People with Asperger’s tend to have difficulty with social interactions, and Christopher clearly displays this inability when trying to figure out the emotions on the paper that Siobhan draws for him (1), also when he states, â€Å" I find peop le

Othello and His Masculinity Essay - 863 Words

l ‘Be a man’, how are ideas of masculinity presented in Othello. Othello is set during the Elizabethan era, where men were considered to be the leaders and women their inferiors. Women were often regarded as the ‘weaker sex’. This patriarchal society and theme of male superiority is portrayed throughout the play. These themes are depicted through the relationships between the characters. Brabantio and Desdemona’s relationship shows how he believed the traditional Elizabethan view, that men were to control and dominate their wife’s or daughters. He is furious at Othello for stealing his daughter from him. Also, Othello’s masculinity is destroyed through the poisoning of his mind against Desdemona, his wife. Iago also treats his wife†¦show more content†¦Othello believes that Desdemona is his possession, an object in his life which is supposed to show he honour and reputation as a man, therefore the belief that Desdemona has broken that honour and nobility forces Othello to destroy her. We can see the breakdown of Othello’s masculinity by the breakdown of his language. At the beginning of the play, Shakespeare uses blank verse for Othello’s parts. Othello speak in iambic pentameter, clearly and purposefully. He portrays himself and a confident and noble man when Brabantio accuses him for using witchcraft to win Desdemona. He replies in a poetic and calm manner, in comparison to Brabantio, who is aggressive and rude. Othello states, â€Å"Rude am I in my speech†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he is very humble, he apologises beforehand in case he offends anyone. We recognise him as a powerful speaker; we also know that Desdemona is seduced by his storytelling, therefore showing him as authoritative and dominating. However, as the play moves on and we begin to see Iago deception taking over Othello’s mind, his speech turns to prose. He begins to turn aggressive as he takes in more or Iago manipulative lies. â€Å"Damn her, lewd minx!, oh damn her, damn her!† and regards Desdemona as â€Å"the fair devil†, he speaks in hell imagery, which is in contrast to his previous heavenly marriage with Desdemona. This shows he is weak, therefore destroying his masculinity once again. Furthermore, Othello is a black man in aShow MoreRelatedShakespeare Gender Stereotypes1049 Words   |  5 Pagesexpectations were held at a higher standard for both men and women. A time when what gender you were dictated what you could and could not do. Male supremacy ruled the world, and therefore women were subjected, â€Å"‘To suckle fools and chronicle small beer.’† (Othello 2.1.132) This means that the woman’s only responsibilities in life was to nurse her children and take care of her home. These kinds of gender stereotypes greatly impacted Shakespeare’s plays because it was a shared belief among the majority of theRead MoreEssay about The Effects of Femininity1571 Words   |  7 Pagesor labels, created by society. However `masculinity and `femininity become, on some levels, dislodged from the idea of the biological makeup and gender constructs, and instead tend to be described in terms of discourse. It is not just the sex and gender of a being that determines their actions, but instead their thoughts and opinions. This essay will assess ideas of femininity in reference to James The Turn of The Screw, and Shakespeares Othello. In order for us to deal with how aRead MoreOthello And Ayad Akhtars Disgraced1116 Words   |  5 PagesGender issues are a prominent area of debate today, but it was just as controversial four centuries ago. A comparison of William Shakespeare’s Othello and Ayad Akhtar’s Disgraced shows that even though these societies appear very different, they share similarities in ideas of masculinity. While the rights of women have advanced over the last four centuries, the parallel between Amir’s treatment of Emily and Othello’s treatment of Desdemona illustrates that societal notions of masculine dominanceRead MoreAnalysis Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1606 Words   |  7 PagesThe theme of power is explored in various ways throughout ‘Othello’, Shakespeare uses the vulnerability of characters’ flaws to allow power shifts to occur through manipulation. The Elizabethan value consensus highlights the difference in gender roles, with societal expectations being defined by the divine order. The limitations of social mobility provide a strong platform for the theme of power to be embedded upon, with characters such as Desdemona and Emilia representing the struggle that womenRead MoreLady Macbeths Role in Macbeth by Shakespeare647 Words   |  3 Pagesruthless woman who plots the murder of the Scottish King, Duncan for the ascension of her husband, Macbeth, to the crown (www.history.hangover.edu). The ease at which she manipulates her husband and questions his manhood for the sole purpose of killing Duncan, shows Lady Macbeth’s associates masculinity to uncheck ambition and brutal violence. She even wishes to be â€Å"unsexed† so that she could complete the deed that Macbeth was so tentative in completing: â€Å" Come you spirits that tend on mortal thoughtsRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1454 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare wrote Othello during a time of great racial tension in England. In the drama, he introduces Othello, a military general who works for the state of Venice but is by origin a Moor (a black Arab). This gives him the unique position of being one of the most important men in Venice, while simultaneously being seen as an outsider. In writing such a character for a seventeenth century English audience, the author is clearly attempting to send a message. This tension between human desireRead More Othello and Desdemona Essay1116 W ords   |  5 PagesIn Shakespeare’s Othello, Othello and Desdemona’s marriage was doomed from the start. They did not start well; their marriage was controversial because of their race and Othello’s failure to follow proper etiquette while he was courting her. However these issues could have been overcome with time. The biggest problem is Othello’s attitude to Desdemona. Othello’s model of Desdemona prevents him from considering her a person. He thinks of her instead as superior to himself in every way, to the pointRead MoreEssay about Animality and Darkness in Othello1034 Words   |  5 PagesAnimality and Darkness in Othello  Ã‚   An initial reading of Othello would suggest that animality and darkness are indeed in opposition to beauty and light. This view is affirmed by looking at the language and actions of Iago, Though I do hate him as I do hell-pains in contrast to Desdemona, (or even the early Othello),Not to pick bad from bad, but by bad mend. Animality and darkness can be clearly seen in the character and more specifically the language of Iago. From the very openingRead MoreEssay on Othello; Jealousy1702 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout Shakespeare’s Othello, the major theme of jealousy is apparent. The tragedy Othello focuses on the doom of Othello and the other major characters as a result of jealousy. In Shakespeare’s Othello, jealousy is portrayed through the major characters of Iago and Othello. It utterly corrupts their lives because it causes Iago to show his true self, which in turn triggers Othello to undergo an absolute conversion that destroys the lives of their friends. Othello represents how jealousy,Read MoreOthello : A Symbiotic Relationship1403 Words   |  6 PagesIago + Othello: A symbiotic relationship William Shakespeare’s ‘Othello’ is one of the most emotionally fraught and psychologically intense of all of Shakespeare’s tragedies. The deeply psychological ideas it explores such as the nature of narcissism and psychopathy become a concentrated concoction of jealousy, hatred, insecurity, rage and repressed sexual desires within their isolated setting on the Island of Cyprus. When one applies a psychoanalytic lens to the play the internal workings of the

The Role of the Spirits in Convincing Scrooge That He Needs to Change free essay sample

This paper will explore how Dickens uses each of these mysterious spirits to persuade Scrooge that he needs to change. At the beginning of the novel, Scrooge is a cold-hearted, tight-fisted and greedy man, who despises Christmas and all things that give people happiness. This is exemplified when the donation collectors approach Scrooge expecting a donation to help the poor at Christmas. Scrooge is quick to decline, and he says ‘It’s not my business, it’s enough for a man to understand his own business, and not to interfere with others. A Christmas Carol takes us on a journey with this unconscionable man as we see his ethics and philosophy challenged, the way he has lived his life in the past, presently and how if he continues on this pathway, his life will unfold in the future. The few words in this quote, are enough to paint a clear picture of a selfish man who has no regard for others and justifies his stance with the excuse it is not my business. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of the Spirits in Convincing Scrooge That He Needs to Change or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is indubitably clear that at this point Scrooge regards himself as a man who has no philanthropic responsibility. The Ghost of Christmas Past is the first spirit to visit Scrooge. First this ghost takes Scrooge to see himself in the past when he a young schoolboy. Scrooge is shown that his father abandoned him at his boarding school, even during Christmas. This infers to Scrooge that the reason why he doesn’t socialize because he never experienced steady growth as a child in a strong family unit. This helps Scrooge to understand that he is the way he is due to childhood neglect, thus inferring to him that he can and should change. Next the ghost shows Scrooge how his money and work obsessed nature led his fiancee, Belle, to leave him. This associates the loss of Scrooge’s fiancee with his selfish nature thus compelling him further to change the selfish aspects of his life. The next ghost that visits Scrooge is The Ghost of Christmas Present. This spirit takes Scrooge to see the happiness of his nephews social circle and the Cratchit family. Scrooge, upon noticing that Mister and Misses Cratchit’s son Tiny Tim is lame, feels empathetic and thus asks The Ghost of Christmas Present if he will survive. The ghost confirms this, but uses Scrooges past unkind comments to two charitable solicitors against him, saying †¦they had better do it now, and decrease the surplus population. By seeing first hand the happiness that he was missing out on due to his lonely lifestyle, Scrooge begins to see that he should change his The last spirit that visits Scrooge is The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come. This spirit shows Scrooge the final consequences of his chosen life style. Among these consequences is the death of Tiny Tim, which leads to the mourning of his family. Scrooge also gets shown his own final legacy, a cheap tombstone in an unkempt graveyard. The contrast between the affects of both Scrooge and Tiny Tim’s death is demonstrable. Tiny Tim is sourly missed and his family is grieving for him. In comparison, Scrooges solitary life and intolerance of those in need ultimately leads others to find only comfort and happiness from his death. This makes it blatantly obvious to Scrooge that if he wishes to avoid this terrible fate, he must make a dramatic change in his life. And so it can be seen that through the apparition of spirits, Scrooge is persuaded that he needs to change. Indeed, Scrooge became a model of generosity and kindness, towards the people around him as is clearly shown when Dickens says Many laughed to see this alteration in him, but he let them laugh and little heeded them, for he knew that no good thing in this world ever happened, at which some did not have their fill of laughter. † The spirits achieved this change Scrooge through showing him the childhood neglect that resulted in his miserable attitude, by showing him the happiness that he is missing out on because of his solitary nature, and by showing him the terrible fate that he will surely meet if he doesn’t change.

The relationship between democracy and Islam in Indonesia

The role of Islam in the transition to democracy in Indonesia This paper will discuss how Islam and democracy interact in Indonesia. The paper will look at the role of Islam in the transition to democracy, in which Islam has played a critical part in the pro-democracy movement.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The relationship between democracy and Islam in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Islam has played a crucial role in the research on the compatibility in Islam and democracy, in elections and in the building of a civil society in Indonesia. During the past decades, democracy and Islam have been a debatable topic and continues to be a major issue in political discussions. In the western world, Islam and democracy are viewed as fundamentally irreconcilable. Samuel Huntington argued that collapse of democratic system in the Islamic world is owed to the fact that the Islamic customs and society being un welcoming to Western freethinking principles. According to some Muslim conservatives, the democracy values are contradicted with the concept of fundamental Islam. On the other hand, Indonesia has been considered as one of the Muslim countries that have been able to incorporate and consolidate democratic values into its political system. Robert Hefner points out that in countries such as Indonesia, Islam has became vital to democratization and has turn out to be the single most vital force for political transformation and democracy. This paper will argue the concept of Islam and Democracy can be compatible by looking at Indonesia as the majority Muslim country in the world. Throughout the history, the concept of democracy is marked by conflicting interpretation. The idea of democracy is always contested and vague where it is tricky to apply into practices. Huntington (1984, p.195) argues that the definition of democracy are legion where the term has been far from political area such the term has just been apply to institution. This is where citizens have the capacities to choose freely among political alternatives by making their own decisions that have a direct effect on their lives. Jillani (2006, p.728) states that such values of freedom, tolerance and equality are the principle of democracy that form government in a sovereignty state.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, in the western perspective, democracy and Islam are view as fundamentally incompatible. Huntington (1984, p.208) states that Islam are seen to be inhospitable to democracy. This is because Islamic revival especially the Shish fundamentalist in Middle East are strongly oppose and against the development of democracy as it is identified with Western liberal principles and such principle will denies the Islamic concept of the sovereignty of God. The Islamic fundamentalist is se en to be anti-democratic in the view of religious resurgence (Heryanto Mandal 2003, p.122). According to Effendy (2008, p.41) the concept of democracy is not foreign to Islamic thought. The values of democracy such as justice, consultation, egalitarian, trust and freedom are inherent to the corpus of Islamic ideas. As a result Islam is seen to be compatible with democracy through this perception where these values are obliged implemented in Muslim’s social culture, economic and political activities. Heryanto and Mandal (2003, p.123) argues that values have to be substantiate through educational reform and the creation of social institutions that encourage participation of society in the political and religious realm. On the other hand, the most important confront for democratization in the Muslim world are rely on Muslim leaders and intellectuals themselves to come up with rational systems of Islamic democracy that are not easy reformulations of Western philosophy offered in Islamic expression. The diversity of Islam in Indonesia Among other Islamic country, democracy has been able to thrive among the largest number of the Muslims in Indonesia due to the moderate forms of Islam the citizens has been able to adopt (Azra Hudson 2008, p.47). There has been a blend between the myriad ways and the pre-existing religious practices.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The relationship between democracy and Islam in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This has resulted to a richly distinctive variant. The form of Islam originally from Indonesia does not have the attribute of severity and rigidity. This has enabled it to get praise due to its moderation and tolerance. Hefner (2000, p.18) argues that democracy in Indonesia has become the single most important force for political change and democracy in the Muslim world in regards to the compatibility of Islam and democracy. According to Carnegie, (2006, p.3), Indonesia is the country with the largest population of Muslims. Michael Buehler also states that the country is the third biggest democracy in the world, only after the U.S. and India (2009, p.51). Islam has a prominent sway in the Indonesia’s political landscape and offers an array of political and conceptual potentials for the nation. For instance, home-grown Abangan Islam is highly practiced in the Central and Eastern Java while Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)-the conventional Sunni Islam- is common in East Java. The current Islamic tenets of Muhammadiyah are prominent outside Java and synonymous with contemporary welfare services and education in Indonesia. Muhammadiyah is also popular among the young population who are more intellectual and autonomous in Indonesia (Carnegie, 2006, p.3). One of principal reasons that explain the cordial rapport between democracy and Islam in Indonesia is the disintegration of Islamic power in the country’s social socie ty (Buehler, 2009, p.53). The diversity of Islam in Indonesia is attributed to manner in which the Islamic alteration took place in the previous eras. The conversion of Indonesians to Islam was influenced by a number of factors such as accommodating prior Islamic tenets and observances that were common in various parts of Indonesia. The colonial rulers also contributed to Islamic diversity in Indonesia when they denied indigenous rulers authority to set up unified institutions of Islamic education, worship and pilgrimage.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The absence of a unified Islam structure has led to tectonic movements in the democratization of Islam in Indonesia. The country has thus witnessed the elimination of official constraints on the spiritual life of its population. Moreover, new types of religious practices have emerged thereby reducing the control of Islamic leaders in the whole country (Buehler, 2009, p.54). The role of Islam during election period in Indonesia The diffusion of Islamic authority and the vulnerability of social structure are more visible during voting periods. For example, during the gubernatorial vote in 2005, the authority of religious leader- the Tuan guru- was trivial as a result of a large number of Islamic leaders in South Kalimantan province. The candidates involved in the election knew that political support from religious figures was not adequate to augment their chances since all contestants had a Tuan guru in their campaign teams. Some resorted to use other strategies such as providing fina ncial support to social amenities such as schools, hospitals and mosques to woo voters. In addition, the waning influence of religious leaders has been manifested by the voters who have ditched Islamic leaders that support unpopular political parties (Buehler, 2009, p.55). The modern Muslim parties continue to play a vital role in the Indonesia’s democratic landscape. For example, in spite of their diverse political inclinations, the Muhammadiyah and NU parties strongly support the existence of a secular state and have censured terrorist activities and the parochial interpretation of Islamic laws (Smith, 2005, p.115). The role of radical Islamist in Indonesia According to Amir Santoso, the relationship between democracy and Islam in Indonesia has been characterized by the antagonism and tension between the ruling elites and Islam (1995, p.3). Right from the colonial period to post-Soeharto era, Muslims have used their religion as their platform for struggle against colonial r ule, oppression and as a tool for religious chauvinism (Jillani, 2006, p.727). During the formative years of Suharto’s totalitarian New Order and Islamic organizations were major political forces that strongly sustained the New Order in defeating communism. However, the cordial partnership collapsed in the late 1960s when the state was fully focused on the general election in early 1970s. There are a number of theories put forward to explain the demise of the alliance between the government and Islam in Indonesia. First, the demise of communism in the country meant that Islam was the main ideological option to Suharto’s regime. Second, Suharto’s New Order regime strongly believed that Islamic groups wanted to introduce Islamic tenets in the country. Finally, since the government’s main goals were political stability and economic growth, the government introduced containment policies to weaken the influence of Islam in Indonesia (Santoso, 1995, p.3). The c urrent democratic landscape in Indonesia has reduced the influence of radical Islam by giving its proponents democratic space to form political parties, take part in electoral process and freedom of press. This type of regime has thus been able to establish the politics and policies employed by Islamists. This theory is relevant to Middle East countries since flexible autocratic power of some regimes such as Indonesia have allowed the contribution of radical Islamists. The inclusion of radical Islamic groups in the democratic process compelled them to abandon their initial radical stands and in the end, adopted moderate positions (Nasr, 2005, p.13). In nutshell, the theory of flexible autocratic structure is that the involvement of radical Islam in political process leads to moderate Islam while their exclusion through oppression enhances Islamic radicalism (Hafez, 2005, p.4). References Azra, A. Hudson, H. (2008) Islam beyond Conflict: Indonesian Islam and Western Political Theory . Aldershot, UK: Ashgate. Buehler, M. (2009) Islam and Democracy in Indonesia. Insight Turkey, 11(4), 51-63. Carnegie, P. (2006) The Politics of Indonesia’s Islamic Identification. Dialogue, 4 (1), 1- 24. Effendy, B. (2008) Islam and the State in Indonesia. Web. Hafez, M. (2003) Why Muslims Rebel: Repression and Resistance in the Islamic World. London, Lynne Rienner. Hefner, R. (2000) Civil Islam: Muslims and democratization in Indonesia. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Heryanto, A. and Mandal, S. (2003) Challenging authoritarianism in Southeast Asia.  London: Routledge. Huntington, S (1984) Will more countries become democratic? In Political Science Quarterly, 99 (2), 206-228. Jillani, H. (2006) Democracy and Islam: An Odyssey in Braving the Twenty-First Century. Brigham Young University Law Review, (3), 727-753. Nasr, V. (2005) The Rise of Muslim Democracy. Journal of Democracy, 16 (2), 13-27. Santoso, A. (1995) Islam and politics in Indonesia during the 1990s. Asi an Journal of Political Science, 3(1) 1-34. Smith, P. (2005) Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia. London: Sharpe. This essay on The relationship between democracy and Islam in Indonesia was written and submitted by user Johan Gutierrez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.